What does a load tap changer do?

A load tap changer plays a critical role in managing voltage levels in electrical systems, particularly in transformers. Its primary function is to adjust the voltage ratio of a transformer while it is under load, allowing for real-time regulation of output voltage. This flexibility is essential in maintaining consistent voltage levels despite variations in load conditions, ensuring that consumers receive stable and reliable power.

The operation of a load tap changer can prevent voltage drops or spikes that could affect equipment performance or damage electrical devices. By adjusting the transformer taps, it can provide the necessary adjustments to compensate for fluctuations in demand or supply, making it especially important in power distribution networks where loads can change frequently.

This capability to dynamically adjust the transformer's output is distinct from the functions of measuring current flow, balancing loads, or isolating circuits for maintenance, which do not involve real-time voltage regulation under load conditions.