Can you be out of phase while still maintaining rotation in a 3 phase system?

In a three-phase system, being "out of phase" refers to the relative phase angles of the three alternating currents or voltages. Each phase in a balanced three-phase system typically leads or lags the others by 120 degrees. However, it's possible for the phases to be out of synchronization with one another, which is what is meant by being "out of phase."

Even when phases are out of synchronization, the system can still maintain rotation in applications such as electric motors. This is because the motor relies on the rotating magnetic field generated by the three-phase current. As long as there is sufficient phase difference to create a rotating magnetic field, the system can operate and maintain rotation, albeit potentially with reduced efficiency or increased vibrations.

In practical terms, while it is preferable for phases to be balanced and properly synchronized to maximize performance and minimize wear on equipment, the phenomenon of maintaining rotation despite being out of phase shows the robust nature of three-phase systems and how they can still function under certain conditions.